A growing number of students are saying no to paying for higher education with student loans. Here's how to join the growing number of students graduating debt-free, often by using unconventional approaches.

• Serve before studying: Military service. Military enlistment remains one of the most reliable routes to a fully-funded education. The Post-9/11 GI Bill not only covers in-state public tuition or contributes toward private schools, but also provides housing stipends, book allowances, and even the option to transfer unused benefits to a spouse or child. Active-duty personnel and reservists can also qualify for other tuition assistance programs that cover college courses taken during service.

Potential tradeoffs: Enlistment requires several years of service, during which you may face deployments, relocations, and the demands of military life. While these experiences can provide leadership skills and career discipline, they also delay immediate entry into civilian education or employment.

• The gap year that pays off. Delaying college to work full-time is another strategy for avoiding student loans. By taking a gap year, or even several years, students can earn a steady income, build savings, and gain valuable work experience before stepping onto a campus. Postponing college also gives students time to clarify their goals. A year or two in the workforce provides insights on career paths that can be used to make more intentional choices about their fields of study.

Potential tradeoffs: Taking time away from academics can make it harder for some to get back into a rhythm of rigorous coursework. Some students risk losing academic momentum altogether. A delayed start also means graduating later, which can postpone entry into certain careers.

• Beating the clock: Accelerated and AP credit. Students may be able to enter college with a head start, sometimes as a sophomore instead of a freshman, by maximizing Advanced Placement (AP) courses or dual-enrollment credits while still in high school. In addition to AP credits, some universities now offer formal three-year or accelerated degree tracks designed to condense a traditional four-year program into a shorter time frame.

Potential tradeoffs: The pace of accelerated education can be demanding. Students often carry heavier course loads, enroll in summer or winter sessions, and have less flexibility for internships, study abroad, or part-time work. In some cases, moving through requirements quickly can limit the exploration of different majors or electives.

• Employer-sponsored degrees. More companies are offering tuition assistance or direct sponsorship for employees pursuing degrees or certifications as the competition for talent increases. Some companies partner directly with universities or online programs, creating a simple pathway for workers to earn degrees in fields related to their jobs. Many employers now extend these opportunities beyond management, also offering assistance to front-line workers in retail, hospitality, healthcare, and manufacturing.

Potential tradeoffs: Balancing work and study can be challenging, often stretching degree timelines to five or more years. Some programs require employees to remain with the company for a set period after graduation, tying educational opportunities to job loyalty.

While student loans remain the norm for many, the rise of debt-free graduates shows that alternatives do exist. These paths may be unconventional, but they show that a college degree or technical certification doesn't have to mean decades of repayment.